Abiotic factors determine the root system architecture – review and update

Decades of root research have led to a deep understanding the molecular and genetic mechanisms regulating system architecture. This review provides past present-day with focus on abiotic factors, such as nutrient limitation, excess nutrients, water, salinity, temperature, light, selected heavy metals, hazardous contaminations which affected primary lateral growth. It also briefly summarized current knowledge about machinery involved in modulation RSA modern dicot species, <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.